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Eschscholzia californica

Cham. (1820)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Ranunculopsida Order: Ranunculales Family: Papaveraceae Genus: Eschscholzia

california poppy

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Glaucous, subglabrous annual or perennial herbs with colorless sap.

Stems: Stems erect or ascending, sprawling with age, 2–6 dm long, branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ternately cleft into numerous lobes; the lobes linear–elliptic, ca. 3–12 cm long, 1–3 mm wide. Surfaces sometimes glaucous. Margins highly dissected. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, terminal; peduncles 3–15 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic; Receptacle with 2 rings, outer one spreading, 2–4 mm wide, inner one erect and hyaline. Calyx of 2 sepals; sepals completely connate into a calyptra that is pushed off by the expanding petals; calyptra 1–4 cm long, caducous. Corolla of 4(6,8) petals; petals dark orange to yellow, broadly obovate, distinct, 2–6 cm long. Stamens numerous; filaments short; anthers linear, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, cylindrical, longitudinally 10–ribbed; stigma of 4–6 linear lobes.

Fruit: Capsules cylindrical; tapering to apex; 3–8(–10) cm long; dehiscing by 2 valves from base upward. Seeds numerous; grayish brown; 1.2–1.5 mm long; reticulate; endosperm oily.

Ploidy: 2n = 12

Habitat:

Elevation Range: ca. 2,270 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: C.G.D.Nees von Esenbeck, Horae Phys. Berol.: 74 (1820)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1006 (EM, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:449 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Eschscholzia californica Mauna Kea State Park, Hale Pohaku Ranger Station Preserved_Specimen Corolla bright orange, rarely some plants with paler yellowish orange flowers. Wagner, W.L. 5580 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-25
2 Eschscholzia californica Land Alae, along Kula Hwy. Naturalizing in roadcut and edges of gulf Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5668 Maui BISH 1986-07-12
3 Eschscholzia californica Mauna Kea State Park, Hale Pohaku Ranger Station Preserved_Specimen Corolla bright orange, rarely some plants with paler yellowish orange flowers. Wagner, W.L. 5580 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-25
4 Eschscholzia californica Hawaii National Park; Park Residence area Preserved_Specimen Herb 1-2 Ft. high. Shallow bell-shaped flower 4 petals; orange basal cluster of leaves. Fagerlund, G.O. 90 Hawaii BISH 1942-09-22
5 Eschscholzia californica unknown Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) BISH
6 Eschscholzia californica East Maui, Makawao District, Kohea 1-2 ahupuaa, Kula Hwy. near 15 mile marker, mauka side of road, Roadside with other weeds such as Ageratina, Lepidium, Nicotiana, Bidens, Fennel, Nasturtium, kikuyu, Senecio, Neonotonia, Bocconia, Avena. Preserved_Specimen sparingly naturalized. Flowers bright orange. Oppenheimer, H.L. 51003 Maui BISH 2010-05-31
7 Eschscholzia californica Mauna Kea, Hale Pohaku Growing in open Mamane-Naio scrub forest. Preserved_Specimen Excellent vigor. Ht. 12, spread 8. Flowers orangey yellow. Clarke, G. 443 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-03
8 Eschscholzia californica Hawaiian Ocean View estates, Kau. Roadside on Pineapple Avenue. UTM 2117745N, 211275E. Growing with Senecio madagascariensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Leptecophylla tameiameiae. Preserved_Specimen Orange Flower with linear fruit. Parker, J. 170 Hawaii BISH 2012-04-30
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